How EMI break ups are done in personal loans?!

By | March 11, 2014

Loan Repayment

While it is not very difficult now to take a personal loan, it is not so simple to pay back the loan. This is because personal loans are unsecured loans, and come with high interest rates. As a result, the Equated Monthly Instalment factor (or the EMI) can be a drain on your salary, depending on the amount and tenure for which you borrow.

Before we get into how the EMI is calculated and what it is comprised of, let’s briefly understand what an EMI is. An EMI is the monthly amount you pay to your bank towards repayment of the loan you borrowed. All loans come with the concept of EMI and even credit card dues can be repaid in the form of an EMI. EMIs can be effected by various ways, depending on the bank you deal with. It can be in the form of a standing instruction, by giving post dated cheques or by having an electronic clearing service from your account in another bank. Whatever be the mode of EMIs, the concept of calculating EMI is the same. For personal loans EMIs are calculate by Personal Loan Calculator.

The EMI Break up

An EMI, as you know, comprises of principal component and an interest component. If you have taken  a personal loan of Rs. 5 lakhs for 1 year, then this amount is divided into small parts across the 5 year. If the interest rate is 15% per annum, then this interest on the loan is also apportioned across the tenure and forms a part of the EMI. In the initial years of any loan, the interest forms a larger portion of the EMI. Then, as the years go by and the loan nears completion of tenure, the principal component increases.

Let’s understand better with an example. Taking the same case as above, the EMI for a Rs. 5 lakhs personal loan for 1 year at 15% pa rate of interest is Rs. 45,129. So you will have to pay Rs. 45,129 every month for 1 year as repayment. This amount is split into principal repayment and interest repayment, with interest component being higher initially, as below:

Month Principal Interest Total EMI Principal Component Interest Component
1 Rs. 38,879 Rs. 6,250 Rs. 45,129 86% 14%
2 Rs. 39,365 Rs. 5,764 Rs. 45,129 87% 13%
3 Rs. 39,857 Rs. 5,272 Rs. 45,129 88% 12%
4 Rs. 40,355 Rs. 4,774 Rs. 45,129 89% 11%
5 Rs. 40,860 Rs. 4,269 Rs. 45,129 91% 9%
6 Rs. 41,371 Rs. 3,759 Rs. 45,129 92% 8%
7 Rs. 41,888 Rs. 3,241 Rs. 45,129 93% 7%
8 Rs. 42,411 Rs. 2,718 Rs. 45,129 94% 6%
9 Rs. 42,941 Rs. 2,188 Rs. 45,129 95% 5%
10 Rs. 43,478 Rs. 1,651 Rs. 45,129 96% 4%
11 Rs. 44,022 Rs. 1,107 Rs. 45,129 98% 2%
12 Rs. 44,572 Rs. 557 Rs. 45,129 99% 1%
Total Rs. 5,00,000 Rs. 41,550 Rs. 5,41,550 100% 100%

As you can see from the above table, the interest component of the EMI is very high in the initial months and gradually tapers off. The effect of a high interest component can be better understood when the tenure is longer. If we extrapolate the above for a 5 year loan, the repayment pattern for the initial few months will be as follows:

Month Principal Interest Total EMI Principal Component Interest Component
1 Rs. 5,645 Rs. 6,250 Rs. 11,895 47% 53%
2 Rs. 5,716 Rs. 6,179 Rs. 11,895 48% 52%
3 Rs. 5,787 Rs. 6,108 Rs. 11,895 49% 51%
4 Rs. 5,859 Rs. 6,036 Rs. 11,895 49% 51%
5 Rs. 5,933 Rs. 5,962 Rs. 11,895 50% 50%
6 Rs. 6,007 Rs. 5,888 Rs. 11,895 50% 50%
7 Rs. 6,082 Rs. 5,813 Rs. 11,895 51% 49%
8 Rs. 6,158 Rs. 5,737 Rs. 11,895 52% 48%
9 Rs. 6,235 Rs. 5,660 Rs. 11,895 52% 48%
10 Rs. 6,313 Rs. 5,582 Rs. 11,895 53% 47%

The above will continue for 60 months (total tenure) and in the 60th month, the principal component will be 99% and interest will be 1% of the EMI. Total interest paid on the above loan will be Rs.2,13,698, which is almost 43% of the principal.

So it is clear that you will be paying exorbitant amount as interest over the tenure of the loan. For larger loans with longer tenures, the interest burden is higher.

How can you as a borrower calculate EMIs?

These days, it is very simple to check if the EMI charged by your bank is correct or not.

  • Check with Bank Bazaar’s Online Personal Loan EMI calculator, which is simple to use and free of cost.
  • You can also use MS Excel to calculate EMI, principal component and interest component. Use the PMT formula in excel which is =PMT (rate, nper, PV). The rate is the monthly interest rate (divide your annual rate by 12), nper is the total number of months of your loan and PV is the loan amount borrowed.

If accessing online emi calculators or using Excel is difficult, then you can use the conventional mathematical formula: EMI =(Principal x interest rate)*(1+interest rate) n / ((1+interest rate)n – 1). Interest rate is again the monthly interest rate and n is the tenure in months.

All information including news articles and blogs published on this website are strictly for general information purpose only. BankBazaar does not provide any warranty about the authenticity and accuracy of such information. BankBazaar will not be held responsible for any loss and/or damage that arises or is incurred by use of such information. Rates and offers as may be applicable at the time of applying for a product may vary from that mentioned above. Please visit www.bankbazaar.com for the latest rates/offers.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *